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Police-Community Relations in Cincinnati

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By: K. Jack Riley, Susan Turner, John MacDonald, Greg Ridgeway, Terry L. Schell, Jeremy M. Wilson, Travis L. Dixon, Terry Fain, Dionne Barnes-Proby, Brent D. Fulton

In 2002, the Cincinnati Police Department (CPD), the Fraternal Order of Police, and the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) entered into a collaborative agreement. This agreement pledges its signatories (the parties) to collaborate in efforts to resolve social conflict, improve community relations, and avoid litigation. The agreement requires the CPD to implement a variety of changes, most notably the adoption of Community Problem-Oriented Policing (CPOP) as a strategy for addressing crime problems and engaging the community. Other provisions of the agreement require the CPD to establish a civilian complaint review process. The collaborative agreement incorporates a previous agreement between the CPD and the U.S. Department of Justice on use-of-force issues. The agreement specifies the need to evaluate achievement of its goals. In 2004, the parties contracted with RAND to conduct this evaluation. These goals are assessed through a variety of evaluation mechanisms, including surveys of citizens and of CPD officers; analyses of motor vehicle stops and of CPD staffing patterns; periodic observations of structured meetings between citizens and representatives of the CPD; and a review of CPD statistical compilations. The collaborative agreement requires an annual assessment of progress toward the agreement’s goals. This report is the first such annual review.

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Contents

Chapter One:
Introduction

Chapter Two:
The Context of Policing in Cincinnati: Crime, Arrests, and Use of Force

Chapter Three:
Staffing and Personnel Actions in the Cincinnati Police Department, 2004

Chapter Four:
Analysis of Vehicle Stops

Chapter Five:
Analysis of Videotaped Police-Motorist Interactions

Chapter Six:
Community-Police Satisfaction Survey

Chapter Seven:
Perceptions of Citizen Interactions with the Police in Cincinnati

Chapter Eight:
Satisfaction of Police Officers Working in Cincinnati

Chapter Nine:
Citizen and Officer Satisfaction with the Complaint Process

Chapter Ten:
Periodic Observations and Problem-Solving Processes

Chapter Eleven:
Summary and Conclusions

Appendix 4.A:
Technical Details on Propensity Score Weighting

Appendix 5.A:
Reliability of Audio/Video Coding

Appendix 5.B:
Police-Civilian Videotaped Interactions Codebook

Appendix 6.A:
Community-Police Survey

Appendix 6.B:
Neighborhood Tables

Appendix 7.A:
Citizen-Police Interaction Survey

Appendix 8.A:
Police Officer Survey

Appendix 9.A:
Complaint/Internal Review Survey

Appendix 10.A:
Community Meeting Survey

Appendix 10.B:
Observations of Community Meetings in the City of Cincinnati

Appendix 10.C:
Problem Solving Survey

Appendix 10.D:
Observations of Problem-Solving Project Meetings in Cincinnati Police Department

Appendix C:
Comments from the Parties and Monitor on the Report

The research described in this report was conducted within RAND Infrastructure, Safety, and Environment (ISE), a division of the RAND Corporation, for the City of Cincinnati.

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