RAND: Nation-Building and Diplomacy 2009-11-10T10:44:00Z Copyright (c) 2007-2008, The RAND Corporation Bricolage RAND Corporation urn:uuid:0ACADDB0-F6D5-11DD-8200-12D538788F35 Army Can Boost Mission Success by Better Managing Environmental Considerations urn:uuid:AD5E73BA-5F05-11DD-8A12-59C038788F35 2008-09-23T03:00:00Z 2008-09-23T03:00:00Z By better managing environmental issues during deployments, U.S. Army units can gain tactical and strategic advantages that will help in combat and post-conflict operations, and boost overall mission success. A President's Early Foreign Policy, National Security Success Depends on Transition urn:uuid:AF10CDF2-5F05-11DD-8A12-59C038788F35 2008-09-08T03:00:00Z 2008-09-08T03:00:00Z The foreign policy success of incoming presidents, particularly in the early years of a presidency, is largely determined by how well the new administration learns from the successes and failures of the outgoing president. Dangerous Thresholds: Managing Escalation in the 21st Century urn:uuid:4A721F92-4EAF-11DD-B037-E4D638788F35 2008-08-25T03:00:00Z 2008-08-25T03:00:00Z Historical examples and the analysis of two modified Delphi exercises augment an examination of approaches to escalation management within the demands of today’s security environment and its attendant threats involving not only long-standing nuclear powers, but also insurgent groups and terrorists. Ambassador James Dobbins Recounts U.S. Diplomatic Efforts, Failure in Afghanistan urn:uuid:FAA892F2-63AD-11DD-8633-DAEA38788F35 2008-08-18T03:00:00Z 2008-08-18T03:00:00Z James Dobbins' memoir of his ambassadorship in war-torn Afghanistan, where he was sent to help the Afghans assemble a successor government to the Taliban, yields insights into how government and diplomacy really work, and explains why the United States has failed to stabilize either Afghanistan or Iraq. DoD Should Consider Nonmilitary Means to Advance U.S. National Security Interests urn:uuid:E1CF14E8-5FF9-11DD-AED7-DAEA38788F35 2008-08-13T03:00:00Z 2008-08-13T03:00:00Z The nature of recent challenges and the types of missions the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) has undertaken highlight the need for training DoD personnel in the simultaneous use of different types of tools, military and otherwise. Flexibility and Sensitivity to Local Concerns Are Crucial to Long-Term U.S. Security Relationships with Iraq and Afghanistan urn:uuid:38831224-3EC3-11DD-BBE1-E1BD38788F35 2008-08-01T03:00:00Z 2008-08-01T03:00:00Z The United States is heavily invested – diplomatically, economically, and militarily – in Iraq and Afghanistan. Based on this, the United States must clarify its long-term intentions to Iraq, Afghanistan, and the surrounding regions. Testimony on America's Need of a New Grand Strategy, Shift in National Security Policy urn:uuid:4F6B9758-4EAF-11DD-B037-E4D638788F35 2008-07-15T03:00:00Z 2008-07-15T03:00:00Z The unanticipated costs and unpredictable outcomes of the War on Terror necessitate a reevaluation of national security strategy, including a shift away from policies of preemption and democratization and towards nation-building with its consequent need for a rebalancing of political and military power. U.S. Has Long-Term Economic, Political Options to Help Make Iran More Democratic urn:uuid:96CCA1EE-3D63-11DD-BBA4-E1BD38788F35 2008-07-10T03:00:00Z 2008-07-10T03:00:00Z The United States should pursue a mixed strategy toward Iran, using a variety of means to promote favorable social developments within the country and at the same time exploiting vulnerabilities in the nation's political, economic and demographic conditions. European Forces Play Growing Role in Nation-Building, Peacekeeping Operations Worldwide urn:uuid:C5F4DEAE-361B-11DD-BAE8-E1BD38788F35 2008-07-08T03:00:00Z 2008-07-08T03:00:00Z Over the past few years, the European Union has demonstrated the capacity to deploy and employ armed force outside its borders in support of broader common policy objectives, creating a new player in nation-building operations. Shortcomings in Planning for Post-Combat Period in Iraq urn:uuid:C54DB8B0-E6C8-11DC-8470-E1BD38788F35 2008-06-30T03:00:00Z 2008-06-30T03:00:00Z Efforts to adequately plan for the post-combat period in Iraq were thwarted by overly optimistic views held by top civilian leaders and a belief among military leaders that civilian authorities would be responsible for postwar operations. Breaking the Failed-State Cycle urn:uuid:3847EA7E-04D4-11DD-BC45-E1BD38788F35 2008-05-27T03:00:00Z 2008-05-27T03:00:00Z The predominant threat to U.S. security in the 21st century comes not from the actions of opposing countries but from the fallout of collapsing ones. The world’s leading states can and should help the citizens of failed states by integrating efforts to reduce violence, advance the economy, and reform government. Afghanistan: From Chaos and Corruption to Sustainable Success urn:uuid:ADB7507A-17B6-11DD-BBA2-B40839788F35 2008-05-23T03:00:00Z 2008-05-23T03:00:00Z Since the 2002 U.S.-led attacks in Afghanistan, the country has struggled to stabilize their government and society. RAND co-hosted a conference attended by experts in academia, government and NGOs from over 20 nations to discuss the need for a strategic approach to Afghanistan's attempts at nation-building. Developing U.S. Civilian Personnel Capabilities in State-Building Operations urn:uuid:6DC36702-EECF-11DC-9346-E1BD38788F35 2008-03-19T03:00:00Z 2008-03-19T03:00:00Z Recent U.S. experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq have shown that engaging in stability and reconstruction operations is a difficult and lengthy process that requires appropriate resources. A framework for improving U.S. civilian personnel and staffing programs for state-building efforts could help. Modernizing the North Korean System urn:uuid:FDAE81C0-EB79-11DC-BFC0-E83139788F35 2008-03-10T03:00:00Z 2008-03-10T03:00:00Z An unprecedented joint report by researchers from the U.S., China, Russia, Japan and South Korea recommends a new approach to promoting the modernization of North Korea, as well as a "tool kit" to enable North Koreans to create their own modernization plans. Women and Nation-Building urn:uuid:9E0811E0-D64E-11DC-A3B0-E1BD38788F35 2008-02-27T03:00:00Z 2008-02-27T03:00:00Z Women's participation in post-conflict nation-building is an important ingredient in achieving an equitable, peaceful and more prosperous society. Leaders should include women in the earliest economic reconstruction activities. United States Lacks the Capability to Counter Insurgency in the Muslim World urn:uuid:83A127D0-CE81-11DC-A98F-BABE38788F35 2008-02-11T03:00:00Z 2008-02-11T03:00:00Z Iraq and Afghanistan have revealed serious shortfalls in the capabilities of the U.S. to counter insurgency in the Muslim world. Instead of relying predominantly on military occupation, the U.S. must become more able to bolster the ability of threatened states to win the contest for the support of their people. Unofficial Diplomacy Efforts Can Have a Positive Effect Over Long Term urn:uuid:E2AED186-57BD-11DC-A521-6825C9FFCC07 2007-09-19T03:00:00Z 2007-09-19T03:00:00Z Unofficial diplomatic discussions can play a significant role in shaping attitudes in the Middle East and Asia, but are best used as a long-term strategy without expectations for dramatic policy shifts. The RAND History of Nation-Building: The Role of the U.S. and the UN urn:uuid:99FCBA3C-62F0-11DC-87B0-F6B838788F35 2007-09-17T00:00:00Z 2007-09-17T00:00:00Z This two-volume set examines United States and United Nations nation-building missions since World War II. Its purpose is to analyze military, political, humanitarian, and economic activities in post-conflict situations, determine key principles for success, and draw implications for future nation-building missions. A Guide to Nation Building urn:uuid:5E4ACEB0-A49C-11DB-8A12-7CC9171CB147 2007-02-12T03:00:00Z 2007-02-12T03:00:00Z In an effort to help governments better respond to serious challenges like those America has encountered in Iraq and Afghanistan, RAND has issued the first comprehensive step-by-step guide for nation-building. Nation-Building Efforts Hampered By Failures to Address Health Problems urn:uuid:104174CA-4D8B-11DB-B9FB-35351D4D57CE 2006-04-19T03:00:00Z 2006-04-19T03:00:00Z The United States missed opportunities to help win the support of the public in Iraq and Afghanistan by failing to make health a bigger focus of reconstruction efforts after U.S.-led invasions of the nations.