Afghanistan
Selected Research, Commentary and Congressional Testimony
Going Jihad: The Fort Hood Slayings and Home-Grown Terrorism — Nov. 19, 2009
In testimony presented before the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, Brian Michael Jenkins assesses the tragic and disquieting events at Fort Hood in the context of terrorist violence in the U.S. and the Muslim American community .
Full Document
Terrorism and Homeland Security Research Area
The Fall of the Wall: A World Restored? — Nov. 9, 2009
When the Berlin Wall fell 20 years ago, those raised in the shadow of possible nuclear holocaust felt disbelief, followed by relief and hope that the end of the Cold War would bring lasting peace, and the end of conflict. And in Europe, at least, it mostly did – but not everywhere, writes Christopher S. Chivvis.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
The Day After... in Jerusalem: A Strategic Planning Exercise on the Path to Middle East Peace — Nov. 6, 2009
Starting in 2008, the RAND Center for Middle East Public Policy conducted a series of exercises to help the new U.S. administration address the challenges of the Arab-Israeli conflict (and of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in particular) as a key component of the broader effort to secure stability in the Middle East.
Full DocumentInternational Affairs Research Area
Our Man in Kabul — Nov. 5, 2009
Now that Karzai has been declared the election's winner, the breach with Abdullah—the man most responsible for his original rise to power—could have very dangerous consequences. The last thing Karzai, NATO, and the United States can afford is the emergence of a renewed northern alliance, writes James Dobbins.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
Karzai's Second Term a Test for International Community — Nov. 2, 2009
Afghan President Hamid Karzai begins his second term with his country on the brink of chaos. To establish control, two major elements of reform are necessary, writes Terrence Kelly.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
Keeping Our Allies on Our Side in Afghanistan — Oct. 27, 2009
'There is only one thing worse than fighting with allies," observed Winston Churchill in 1945, "and that is fighting without them." It's a truth worth recalling as the Obama administration nears crucial decisions on Afghanistan, write Leo Michel and Robert Hunter.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
Fighting Terror the Cold War Way — Oct. 14, 2009
With much talk about how to "win hearts and minds" in the Muslim world, it's surprising that few are looking back to a global contest of ideas that the U.S. and its allies categorically won: the Cold War, write Todd C. Helmus and Dalia Dassa Kaye.
CommentaryTerrorism and Homeland Security Research Area
Afghanistan: Echoes of Vietnam — Oct. 7, 2009
Now that U.S. involvement in Iraq has begun to require fewer resources, Afghanistan is the new focus of American and European anti-war sentiment, and increasingly Obama's critics are drawing on the analogy of Vietnam, writes James Dobbins.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
How to Tell if We're Winning the Afghan War — Oct. 5, 2009
If one year from today, the Taliban controls less territory and the Afghan security forces are more capable, then we will know the United States is winning, writes Nora Bensahel.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
Path to a Pashtun Rebellion in Afghanistan — Oct. 2, 2009
The discussion of American troop numbers misunderstands the subtle nuances of fighting a war in areas inhabited by fiercely independent Pashtun tribes, whose culture and traditions are under severe threat from the Taliban, writes Seth Jones.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
Integrating Civilian Agencies in Stability Operations — Sep. 25, 2009
RAND Arroyo Center examined the question of how the Army can help make key civilian agencies more capable partners in stability, security, transition, and reconstruction operations. Even without much action at the national level, the Army can still improve civilian participation in these activities.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
Barriers to the Broad Dissemination of Creative Works in the Arab World — Sep. 22, 2009
Many analysts have examined the media that violent extremists use to communicate their core messages. Far less research, however, has been devoted to the growing body of creative works produced by Arab authors and artists that counter the intellectual and ideological underpinnings of violent extremism.
Full DocumentThe Arts Research Area
The Right Move in Europe: Improved Opportunities with NATO, Russia — Sep. 22, 2009
Obama's decision to alter course on missile defense was the right choice. Those who call it a capitulation to Russia are wrong, and it plays into Russia's hands to portray the decision in that manner. But the change of course will have to be complemented with more appropriate initiatives, writes Christopher S. Chivvis.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
China's International Behavior: Activism, Opportunism, and Diversification — Aug. 27, 2009
China is a global actor of significant and growing importance, now integrated into the international system and altering that system's dynamics. The complexity of China's ever-changing global activism raises questions about its intentions and the implications for global stability and prosperity.
Full DocumentInternational Affairs Research Area
How Russia Can and Can't Help Obama — Aug. 26, 2009
In hindsight, KGB analysts and Soviet officials were extraordinarily prescient about the perils of Islamist terrorism and the fallout from the Afghan jihad. But could Russia, for all its faults and foibles, be a more valuable counterterrorism partner today, asks Brian Michael Jenkins.
CommentaryTerrorism and Homeland Security Research Area
Going Local: The Key to Afghanistan — Aug. 8, 2009
The rapidly deteriorating situation in Afghanistan is now President Barack Obama's war, one he pledged to win during his election campaign. One of the biggest problems, however, is that since late 2001, the United States has crafted its Afghanistan strategy on a fatally flawed assumption, writes Seth Jones.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
World Economic Recession Unlikely to Have Lasting Geopolitical Consequences — Jul. 30, 2009
Will the current global economic recession have long-term geopolitical implications? Assuming that economic recovery begins in the first half of 2010, lasting structural alterations in the international system — a substantial change in U.S.-China relations, for example — are unlikely. This is because economic performance is only one of many geopolitical elements that shape countries' strategic intent and core external policies.
Full DocumentInternational Affairs Research Area
The Phoenix Program and Contemporary Counterinsurgency — Jul. 22, 2009
The wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have re-focused attention on past U.S. counterinsurgency operations like the Phoenix Program, aimed at dismantling the Viet Cong underground during the Vietnam War. This study helps balance claims about the program's effectiveness against charges of its brutality and its political costs.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
Mullah Sprung from Gitmo Jail Now Leads Foe in Afghan Campaign — Jul. 5, 2009
As Marine Corps forces roll into southern Afghanistan, they face an enemy familiar to US officials — Mullah Zakir, a former Guantanamo Bay prisoner who now leads a reconstituted Taliban, writes Seth G. Jones.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
Can Gitmo's Terrorists Be Rehabilitated? — Jun. 29, 2009
Before he closes Guantánamo, Obama must take a clear-eyed look at the record – and anticipate the next chapter of the fight against terrorism. What happens to terrorist suspects after they leave the detention center at Guantánamo Bay, asks Aidan Kirby Winn.
CommentaryTerrorism and Homeland Security Research Area
Reconstruction Under Fire: Unifying Civil and Military Counterinsurgency — Jun. 17, 2009
Effective civilian reconstruction work can help convince people to support their government against insurgency, Therefore, insurgents typically target such work, thereby threatening the civilian population. This too often results in a postponement of reconstruction efforts and/or excessive reliance on force to defeat insurgents.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
The Long March: Building an Afghan National Army — Jun. 2, 2009
The Afghan National Army (ANA) is critical to the success of achieving a stable Afghanistan. This monograph assesses the ANA's progress and finds that though it has come a long way since the outset of the recent conflict in the country, the United States will play a crucial role in Afghanistan for the foreseeable future.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
Countering the Military's Latest Fad: Counterinsurgency — May 17, 2009
When Defense Secretary Gates announced that he was dismissing Gen. McKiernan as the top U.S. commander in Afghanistan and replacing him with Lt. Gen. McChrystal, he signaled his support for an intellectual movement that in a few short years has come to dominate military thinking in Washington, writes Celeste Ward.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
The U.S. and India Need to Work Together to Prepare for an Increasingly Chaotic Pakistan — May 12, 2009
For every good reason, the Obama Administration is devoting enormous thought to Pakistan. In my judgment, the evolving situation in Pakistan is potentially the most dangerous international situation since the 1962 Cuban missile crisis, writes Robert D. Blackwill.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
NATO After the Summit: Rebuilding Consensus — May 6, 2009
In testimony presented before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Subcommittee on European Affairs, Robert E. Hunter sets forth the need for a revised transatlantic compact with engagement beyond Europe's borders, efforts to reinvigorate the NATO-Russia Council, and the development of non-military activities.
Full DocumentInternational Affairs Research Area
Leaving the Nest — Apr. 17, 2009
In the wake of President Obama's recent European trip, hopes for a rejuvenation of transatlantic security cooperation continue to rise. This means resolving some old problems and avoiding new pitfalls, writes Christopher S. Chivvis.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
Obama's Turkish Dilemma — Apr. 6, 2009
President Obama's visit to Ankara this week highlights Turkey's growing strategic importance to the United States - and a high stakes dilemma for the President and for U.S. strategic interests, writes F. Stephen Larrabee.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
Afghanistan Is NATO's Most Important Challenge — Apr. 3, 2009
NATO has a useful future. But it will require bridging the gap in perceptions between the U.S. and most of the European allies about what is important for security and what to do about it. Both sides have to start seeing the other's interests and concerns; and the time to make those commitments is at the NATO summit, writes Robert E. Hunter.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
U.S. Strategy in Afghanistan — Apr. 2, 2009
In testimony presented before the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Subcommittee on Middle East and South Asia, Seth G. Jones asserts that a key challenge to bringing about the end of the Afghan insurgency lies in implementing the new U.S. strategy.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
The Torture Debate, Redux — Apr. 1, 2009
Former Vice President Cheney has been insisting again that the coercive interrogation techniques used against terrorism detainees after 9/11 prevented attacks on the United States.... His assertions merit more careful examination, writes Brian Michael Jenkins.
CommentaryTerrorism and Homeland Security Research Area
Counterinsurgency in Afghanistan — Mar. 26, 2009
In testimony before the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee, Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs former Ambassador to Afghanistan James Dobbins outlines the steps the Obama administration should take to secure the nation as the situation there worsens.
Full DocumentInternational Affairs Research Area
Ultimate Exit Strategy — Mar. 26, 2009
Secretary of State Hillary Clinton has described the upcoming high-level conference on Afghanistan at The Hague as a "big-tent meeting, with all the parties who have a stake and an interest in Afghanistan." With the situation in that country growing more precarious by the day, those attending this meeting must also think big, write Karl F. Inderfurth and James Dobbins.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
Assessing Combat Exposure and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Troops and Estimating the Costs to Society — Mar. 24, 2009
In testimony presented before the House Veterans' Affairs Committee, Subcommittee on Disability Assistance and Memorial Affairs, Teri Tanielian discusses the implications from the 2008 RAND study, "Invisible Wounds of War."
Full DocumentHealth and Health Care Research Area
Context and Implications of the Recent Mumbai Attack: Militant Groups in Pakistan — Mar. 11, 2009
In testimony presented before the House Homeland Security Committee, Subcommittee on Transportation Security and Infrastructure Protection, C. Christine Fair discusses antecedents and implications of the November 2008 Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) attack upon several targets in the Indian mega-city of Mumbai.
Full DocumentTerrorism and Homeland Security Research Area
U.S.-NATO Immersion Course — Mar. 10, 2009
At a major conference in Munich last month, Vice President Joseph Biden underscored the U.S. determination to rebuild strong and productive relations with its European allies. No issue matters more than Afghanistan, writes Robert E. Hunter.
Commentary
Wanted Dead or Alive? When We Don't Get Our Man — Mar. 3, 2009
On his first day in office, President Barack Obama issued a dramatic series of executive orders intended to symbolize a change of direction in America's "war" on terrorism. Despite the headlines these orders generated, a more significant policy shift may have been the one signaled the week before his inauguration, writes Benjamin Runkle.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
Power to the People: Rebooting Conventional Diplomacy — Feb. 27, 2009
The story of how President Obama engineered a grass-roots campaign, mobilizing formerly disengaged U.S. citizens with new media and new technologies, has reached almost mythological proportions. Less well known is the story of similar grass-roots efforts emerging in local communities around the world, write Cherl Benard and Edward O'Connell.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
Counterinsurgency in Afghanistan — Feb. 26, 2009
In testimony presented before the Senate Armed Services Committee, James Dobbins suggests steps the new Administration and its allies should consider in reviewing Afghan policy.
Full DocumentInternational Affairs Research Area
In Afghanistan, It's Deadly at the Top — Feb. 23, 2009
Rather than perpetuating a love-hate-kill relationship with their leaders, Afghans need to develop respect for the laws and institutions of their new democracy, writes Cheryl Benard.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
U.S. Army Guidebook on Using Economic Development to Support Stability Operations — Feb. 21, 2009
This guidebook instructs U.S. Army personnel on how to better use various economic assistance programs and projects to support economic and infrastructure development in the course of their operations. Suggestions efforts include the realms of humanitarian assistance, agriculture, natural resource management, and private sector activity.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
Obama's Foreign Policy Team and U.S.-Korean Relations — Feb. 16, 2009
The concrete contours of President Obama's foreign policy team have finally begun to emerge. What is intriguing is how many assignments are being given to those who have worked on the Korean peninsula, writes Chaibong Hahm.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
Going the Distance — Feb. 15, 2009
Afghanistan has a reputation as a graveyard of empires, based as much on lore as on reality.... Yes, the situation is serious, but it's far from doomed. We can still turn things around if we strive for a better understanding of the Afghan insurgency and work to exploit its many weaknesses, writes Seth G. Jones.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
Afghanistan's Growing Security Challenge — Jan. 27, 2009
This essay from a collection, which examines the security situation in Afghanistan through the largest public opionon survey ever conducted in Afghanistan, asks three questions. What are Afghan perceptions of the security environment? How do these perceptions vary across the country? How do Afghans feel about their security institutions?
Full Document
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The Secret Briefing Obama Needs on Day One — Jan. 22, 2009
A select few Americans will ever see the president's daily brief -- a digest of the intelligence community's most closely guarded secrets. But trust me, Barack Obama is going to need much more useful information than he is getting now, writes Gregory F. Treverton.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
Unfolding the Future of the Long War: Implications for the U.S. Military — Jan. 19, 2009
While policymakers, military leaders, and scholars have offered numerous definitions of the "long war" - an epic struggle against adversaries bent on forming a unified Islamic world to supplant western dominance; an extension of the war on terror - no consensus has been reached about this term or its implications for the United States.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
How the U.S. Government Can Strategically Reach Policy Goals, Using the Example of Counterterrorism — Jan. 12, 2009
While the United States government has historically undertaken strategic reviews and produced numerous strategy documents, these have provided only very general directions for U.S. policymakers. This paper defines an approach to strategic planning and illustrates its application using the example of the critical national security topic of counterterrorism.
Full DocumentTerrorism and Homeland Security Research Area
Explaining the Increase in Unemployment Compensation for Veterans During the Global War on Terror — Nov. 26, 2008
The Unemployment Compensation for Ex-Servicemembers (UCX) program provides income assistance to unemployed veterans as they search for work, a number that increased by about 75 percent between 2002 and 2004, raising concerns that veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are having difficulty finding civilian jobs.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
For 10th Quadrennial Review of Military Compensation, Retirement Revisions Recommended — Nov. 13, 2008
As military compensation is a fundamental tool for recruiting and retaining an all-volunteer force, it is reviewed every four years to make sure it can meet the U.S. military's objectives. This research examines the value and effectiveness of the current retirement system and possible alternatives, drawing on military personnel career data.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
Talk to the Taliban? Not Now — Nov. 11, 2008
As new U.S. Central Command chief Gen. David Petraeus got a firsthand look at the worsening security situation in Afghanistan last week, he heard from some U.S., British and Afghan officials that the best way forward is to engage in peace talks with the Taliban. Such talks have already even tentatively begun. This is a bad idea.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
In the Middle of the Fight: An Assessment of Medium-Armored Forces in Past Military Operations — Nov. 11, 2008
This monograph presents a qualitative assessment of the performance of medium-armored forces in 13 past conflicts that span the range of military operations. The accompanying analysis is designed to help inform U.S. Army decisions about fielding medium-armored forces in the future. The case histories yielded three major insights.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
Know Your Enemy: From Iraq to Afghanistan — Nov. 9, 2008
As debate continues about how to fight a resurgent Al Qaeda and Taliban in Afghanistan and along the Pakistan border, leaders in Washington, Kabul and Islamabad seem lost about what to do next.... And most experts agree that an Al Qaeda-orchestrated attack on the U.S. homeland would likely be plotted from their sanctuary in these border areas, write Benjamin Bahney and Renny McPherson.
CommentaryTerrorism and Homeland Security Research Area
Lessons from Six Decades of Research on Deterrence, From Cold War to Long War — Oct. 30, 2008
The United States' 2006 reversal of its 2002 proclamation that deterrence was irrelevant to most future national security strategies is bolstered by research which shows that deterrence will likely play an ongoing role in U.S. efforts to manage a variety of threats, including both near-peer competitors and terrorist organizations.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
War's Invisible Wounds: Our Veterans Are Not Getting the Care They Need, Deserve — Sep. 28, 2008
Nearly 300,000 Iraq and Afghanistan service veterans who have returned home -- about one in five -- may suffer from combat-stress-related mental health problems. Our veterans ought to get the best available treatments our nation can offer, but they don't, write authors Terry Schell, Terri Tanielian and Lisa Jaycox.
CommentaryHealth and Health Care Research Area
DoD Should Consider Nonmilitary Means to Advance U.S. National Security Interests — Aug. 13, 2008
The nature of recent challenges and the types of missions the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) has undertaken highlight the need for training DoD personnel in the simultaneous use of different types of tools, military and otherwise.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
Testimony on America's Need of a New Grand Strategy, Shift in National Security Policy — Jul. 15, 2008
The unanticipated costs and unpredictable outcomes of the War on Terror necessitate a reevaluation of national security strategy, including a shift away from policies of preemption and democratization and towards nation-building with its consequent need for a rebalancing of political and military power.
Full DocumentRelated Testimony
How to Save Karzai — Jul. 15, 2008
The United States and other NATO countries should stop undermining Hamid Karzai now, shore up support for him as the democratically elected president of Afghanistan, and help him show progress, writes Seth G. Jones.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
U.S. Military Prone to Operations Not in Accord with COIN Doctrine — Jun. 4, 2008
Similarities between the Vietnam War and current Middle East operations reveal our military is apt to engage in traditional warfare despite the more nuanced tactics called for by counter-insurgency doctrine.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
Afghanistan: From Chaos and Corruption to Sustainable Success — May 23, 2008
Since the 2002 U.S.-led attacks in Afghanistan, the country has
struggled to stabilize their government and society. RAND co-hosted a
conference attended by experts in academia, government and NGOs from
over 20 nations to discuss the need for a strategic approach to
Afghanistan's attempts at nation-building.
Full DocumentInternational Affairs Research Area
Give Them Sabbaticals — May 7, 2008
In academia and, increasingly, corporate America, sabbaticals are a time-honored way to step aside from the daily grind and intellectually reboot. The U.S. Army should embrace something similar, writes Laura Miller.
CommentaryNational Security Research Area
Afghan Progress Spotty but Hopeful — Apr. 29, 2008
As NATO's role in Afghanistan was debated in Bucharest recently, the bad headlines continued rolling in. And yet, on the ground, there is equally compelling evidence that the efforts of the international community are making a difference, write Obaid Younossi and Peter Dahl Thruelsen.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
America is Making a Difference in Eastern Afghanistan — Apr. 1, 2008
[The United States] has made some progress against the Taliban and other insurgent groups in eastern Afghanistan, and created a window of opportunity to spread this elsewhere, writes Seth G. Jones.
CommentaryInternational Affairs Research Area
Developing U.S. Civilian Personnel Capabilities in State-Building Operations — Mar. 19, 2008
Recent U.S. experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq have shown that engaging in stability and reconstruction operations is a difficult and lengthy process that requires appropriate resources. A framework for improving U.S. civilian personnel and staffing programs for state-building efforts could help.
Full DocumentInternational Affairs Research Area
Why We Need to Nail Osama — Feb. 27, 2008
[K]illing or capturing bin Laden remains a vital national and, indeed, international priority. Not only is it important — it is worth devoting significant resources and making major tradeoffs to do so, writes Elbridge Colby.
CommentaryTerrorism and Homeland Security Research Area
Addressing the Security Problems Posed by Ungoverned Territories — Feb. 14, 2008
In testimony presented before the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee, Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs, Angel Rabasa discusses the security problems posed by ungoverned territories, and what could be done to address them.
Full DocumentInternational Affairs Research Area
International Perspectives on Interagency Reform — Jan. 30, 2008
In testimony presented before the Armed Services Committee, Nora Bensahel discusses the lack of civilian capacity in stability and nation building operations, which has led to an overreliance on military forces.
Full DocumentInternational Affairs Research Area
The State of the Afghan Insurgency — Dec. 10, 2007
In testimony presented before the Canadian Senate National Security and Defence Committee, Seth G. Jones discusses the increasingly violent insurgency that threatens Afghanistan, the challenges its government faces, and the strategic importance of Afghanistan to the national security of NATO countries.
Full DocumentInternational Affairs Research Area
Improving Army Doctrine and Planning for Stability Operations — Nov. 26, 2007
The U.S. Army has put much effort into revising the approach to planning and implementing Stabilization, Security, Transition, and Reconstruction operations to ensure a common U.S. strategy. However, some elements essential to the success of the process are not yet in place.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
Army Resource Gaps Can Be Filled by Building Partner Capabilities — Nov. 6, 2007
Ongoing operations and emerging mission requirements place a heavy burden on U.S. Army resources, resulting in capability gaps that the Army might fill by building appropriate capabilities in allies and partner armies through focused security cooperation.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
Women and Human Security: The Case of Post Conflict Afghanistan — Oct. 27, 2007
Improvements to the outcomes of post-conflict nation-building can be made through a stronger emphasis on the broader concept of human security from the earliest phases of the nation-building effort; a focus on establishing governance on the principles of equity and consistent rule of law from the start; and women's earliest inclusion in reconstruction.
Full DocumentRelated ReportWIIS Words web site
The Right Way to Withdraw — Oct. 14, 2007
Had we not invaded Iraq, there are any number of better things we could do to fight terror with the billions the administration plans to spend in Iraq this year. [But w]e're involved too deeply in Iraq and Afghanistan to exit suddenly without fixing our mess, writes James Dobbins.
Commentary
RAND Review, Summer 2007: Afghanistan on the Edge — Sep. 12, 2007
The Summer 2007 issue of RAND Review discusses Afghanistan, a world at risk of winning the urban battle, losing the rural war, abandoning the regional solution.
RAND Review Home
Insights on Joint Urban Operations from Afghanistan and Iraq — May 25, 2007
Today's strategic environment implies an obligation to preserve innocent life when possible and to rebuild that which war destroys. Various tools can help better enable military and civilian alike to meet these objectives by more effectively conducting urban combat and restoration.
Full DocumentNational Security Research Area
Afghanistan: Why Canada Should Stay — May 7, 2007
There is a growing movement in Canada to withdraw troops from Afghanistan, illustrated by such newspaper headlines as: "Is it time to go?" and "Canada must leave Afghanistan." Such a move would be a tragic mistake, writes Seth G. Jones.
Commentary
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